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12th Class Chapter 5 Computer science Short Questions

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Question: 1
What is file?
Answer: 1
1-22
A collection of related records treated as a single unto is called file or data set.If we collect records of all the employees,it becomes a file of all employees of the bank.
Question: 2
List any two files types from usage point of view.
Answer: 2
2-22
  1. Master File
  2. Transaction File
  3. Backup File
Question: 3
What is meant by Reproduction?
Answer: 3
3-22
Data may be transferred from one location or operation to another,for further processing.It is something necessary to copy or to make duplicate of data.This activity is called Reproduction.
Question: 4
Define Database.
Answer: 4
4-22
A database is a collection of logically related data sets of files.Normally these files are of different nature,used for specific purpose.These may be organized on various ways to meet various processing and retrieval requirements of the organization or users.
Question: 5
Differentiate between master file and transaction file.
Answer: 5
5-22
Master File:These are the latest updated file which never became empty,ever since they are created.They maintain information that remains constant over a long period of time.
Question: 6
Discuss the use of design view in MS-Access.
Answer: 6
6-22
Access From creates the user interface to your table. Although you can use Datasheet to perform many of the same functions as forms,Forms are used as an alternative way to enter data into a database table.It provides a different way of viewing table data. Access enables us to create forms that can be used to enter maintain, view, and print data.
Question: 7
Describe data manipulation.
Answer: 7
7-22
The following operation may then be performed on the gathered data.Classifying: Organizing data into classes/groups,items may be assigned predetermined codes;they can be numeric alphabetic or alphanumeric.Calculation: Arithmetic manipulation of the data.Sorting: Data is arranged in logical sequence. Summarizing:Maases of dara reduced to a more concise and usable form.
Question: 8
List Different objectives of Database.
Answer: 8
8-22
There are at lease three main objective for using the database organization.
  1. Data integration
  2. Data integrity
  3. Data independence
Question: 9
Define Data.
Answer: 9
9-22
Data is a collection of raw,facts ,figures and statistics related to an object that can be processed to produce meaningful information.
Question: 10
Define program file with example.
Answer: 10
10-22
Program file: These files contain the software instructions i.e source program files and executable files.These source program files may have the extension as .com and executable files as .exe.
Question: 11
Describe Capturing Data.
Answer: 11
11-22
Data must be recorded or captured in some form before it can be processed.Data may first be recorded on source documents or given directly through input devices.
Question: 12
Define information.
Answer: 12
12-22
The manipulated and the processed data is called information.e.g the percentage of the student result.
Question: 13
List the files types from functional point of view.
Answer: 13
13-22
  1. Program File
  2. Data File
  3. ASCII/Text File
  4. Image File
  5. Audio File
  6. Video File
Question: 14
What is Data Dictionary?
Answer: 14
14-22
Some database have a data dictionary a procedures document or disk file that stores the data definitions or a descriptions of the structure of data used in the database.The data dictionary may monitor the data being entered to make sure it conforms to the data definition i.e file name,field names,field size data types etc.
Question: 15
State the use of query language.
Answer: 15
15-22
Normally SQL(Standard Query Language) is used for creating table structure,entering data into them and updating/retrieving the selected records based on the particular criteria and format indicated,within the database Typically the query is in the form of sentence or English like command i.e SELECT,DELETE,MODIFY,CREATE,UPDATE and INSERT commands.
Question: 16
Write any two advantages of database management.
Answer: 16
16-22
Data Independence:Application are not aware of the physical implementation of the data sets.The DBMS sets in between the application programs and the actual data sets that make the database.
Support Complex Data Relationship:Fairly complex data structure can e designed which allow various ways to logically view or access the data.This complexity greatly enhance the ability of a designer to put data and provide a path to that data whenever needed,
Question: 17
Write any two objectives of Data base management system.
Answer: 17
17-22
Shareability: Different people and different processes must be able to use same actual data virtually the same time.
Availability:Both the data and the DBMS which delivers the data must be easily accessible to the users.
Question: 18
Define Data integration.
Answer: 18
18-22
In a databases ,information is coordinated from different files and operated on a single file.Logically the information is centralized,physically data may be located on different devices i.e scattered around over on different locations,connected through data communication links.
Question: 19
What is the purpose of Backup and recovery?
Answer: 19
19-22
Backup and Recovery is an important feature available in almost all the DBMS programs.By using this features,we are able to have the backup of our data and can later,use it to reinstate it in all case of data failure,corruption or loss.
Question: 20
Enlist different types of database models.
Answer: 20
20-22
There are three types of database models:
  1. Hierarchical Model
  2. Network Model
  3. Relational Model
Question: 21
Define Data Integrity.
Answer: 21
21-22
If a data item is contained in more than one file,then all files must be updated if that is changed in a database ,only one copy of data is kept therefore the data is more consistent.
Question: 22
Why is report generator used in database system?
Answer: 22
22-22
A reporter generator is a program that is used to produce an on-screen or printed documents from the database.The report format can be specified in advance i.e row heading,column heading,page header etc.Even the non-expert can create very useful and attractive reports by using this facility.

12th Class Computer-science Chapters Short Questions