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12th Class Chapter 13 Chemistry Short Questions

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Question: 1
What are Fatty acids?
Answer: 1
1-25
The aliphatic monocarboxylic acids are commonly called fatty acids because higher member of this series such as palmitic acid stearic acid etc.obtained by the hydrolysis of fats or oils.
Question: 2
Give tend of solubility of carboxylic acids in water?
Answer: 2
2-25
Among the aliphatic acids,the first four members are very soluble in water due to hydrogen bonding,The solubility in water gradually decrease with the increase in molecular mass.
Question: 3
Why Carboxylic acid are soluble in water?
Answer: 3
3-25
The carboxylic acids are soluble in water due to hydrogen bonding.
Question: 4
How hydrolysis of ester leads the formation of acetic acids?
Answer: 4
4-25
The ester on boiling with concentrated sodium hydroxide yields sodium salt of the acid,This resulting salt when treated with dilute HCI gives the free carboxylic acid.
Question: 5
Write down the name of two ester having the following flavours:
1 Pineapple 2.jasmine
Answer: 5
5-25
1.Pineapple flavour is produced by Ethyl butyrate.
2.Jasmine Flavour is produced by Benzylacetate.
Question: 6
Manipulate the term 'Esterification ' using alcohol.
Answer: 6
6-25
When carboxylic acids are heated in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid ester are formed this process is called esterification process.
Question: 7
Which ester gives banana and orange smell?
Answer: 7
7-25
Amylacetate gives banana while octyl acetate gives orange smell.
Question: 8
What happened when ammonium acetate is heated?
Answer: 8
8-25
When ammonium acetate is heated it produce acid amide.
Question: 9
Prepare ethane from acetic acid b reduction with HI/O?
Answer: 9
9-25
Acetic acid on reduction with HI and red phosphorus give ethane.
Question: 10
What are carbocyclic compound
Answer: 10
10-25
Organic compound containing (-COOH) as a functional group are called carboxylic compound.
Question: 11
Write down formula of palmitic and stearic acid.
Answer: 11
11-25
Formula of palmitic is: C15H31COOH
Formula of stearic acid is : C17H35COOH
Question: 12
What happens when following are heated?
1.Sodium Format and soda lime
2.Sodium acetate and soda lime
Answer: 12
12-25
1.When sodium formateis heated with soda lime ,it decomposes to give sodium carbonate and hydrogen.
2.When sodium acetate is heated with soda lime,it decomposes to give sodium carbonate and methane.
Question: 13
What is Glacial Acetic acid?
Answer: 13
13-25
The pure acetic acid freezed to an ice like solid at 17 C,therefore it is called glacial acetic acid,It is miscible with water,alcohol and ether in all proportions,
Question: 14
What are acidic amino acids?
Answer: 14
14-25
The amino acids which contain two carboxyl group are called acidic amino acids.
Question: 15
Differentiate between acidic and basic amino acids?
Answer: 15
15-25
The amino acids which contain two carboxyl group are called acidic acids,while those containing two amino groups are called acids while lysine is a basic amino acid.
Question: 16
Define and differentiate between essential and non essential amino acids.
Answer: 16
16-25
The ten amino acids which body can be synthesized called non-essential amino acids,The remaining ten amino acids when the body is not able to synthesize are called essential amino acids,The essential amino acids must be supplied to our body through our diet because they are require for proper health and growth,The deficient of essential amino acids may cause disease.
Question: 17
What is Zwitter ion?
Answer: 17
17-25
The amino acid exist as dipolar ion called Zwitter ion,It has positive as well as negative ends within the same molecule.In the formation of Zwitter ion,the proton goes from the carboxylic group to amino group.
Question: 18
What are amino acids?
Answer: 18
18-25
Amino acids are organic compound containing both amino and carboxylic group.
Question: 19
Explain acidic and basic character of amino acid?
Answer: 19
19-25
On the basic of dipolar ion structure,the acidic and basic reaction of amino aids may be represented :
1.When an acid is added to an amino acid the carboxylic acid the carboxylate ion accepts the proton,therefore the baci character is due to this group,
2.When an alkali is added to an amino acid,-NH2 group releases the proton and therefore the acidic character is due to the group.
Question: 20
What is meant by Polypeptide and protein?
Answer: 20
20-25
The formation of peptide bonds can continue until a molecule containing a several hundred thousand amino acid is formed,Such a molecule is called polyptide or protein.By convention a peptide having molecule is called a polypeptide which peptide having molecular mass more than 10,000 is called protein.
Question: 21
What is difference between peptide and protein?
Answer: 21
21-25
Peptides are the compound formed by the condensation of two or more same or different a amino acids,.The condensation occurs between amino acids with the elimination of water.
The formation of peptide bonds can continue until a molecule containing several hundred thousands amino acids is formed,Such a molecule is called polypeptide or protein.
Question: 22
How acetic acid can be converted into ethyl alcohol.
Answer: 22
22-25
Carboxylic acid on reaction with lithium aluminium hydride are reduced to alcohol.
Question: 23
Give four used of acetic acid?
Answer: 23
23-25
Acetic acid is used:
1.as a coagulant for latex in rubber industry.
2.in the manufacturing of plastic rayon and silk.
3.in medicine as a local irritant.
4.in the manufacturing of pickles.
Question: 24
What id Ninhydrin Test?
Answer: 24
24-25
Ninhydrin reacts with amino acids to form an intensely coloured bluish violet product,The ninhydrin reaction is also widely used to visualize amino acids separately by paper chromatography.
Question: 25
What is peptide bond?
Answer: 25
25-25
The formation of peptide bonds can continue until a molecule containing several hundred thousand amino acids is formed ,Such a molecule is called polypeptide or protein.

12th Class Chemistry Chapters Short Questions