10th Class Biology Chapter 4 Short Questions with Answers Solved

Question: 1

What is bone ? What is its function ?

Answer: 1

1-49

It is very hard connective tissues

1: It protects the various parts of body

2: It products red and white blood cells

3: It stores minerals

Question: 2

Which point of attachment is pulled when a muscle contracts ?

Answer: 2

2-49

Insertion

Question: 3

Where is found elastic cartilage ?

Answer: 3

3-49

It is found in epiglottis and pinna

Question: 4

What are the types of skeleton ?

Answer: 4

4-49

1: Exoskeleton : The skeleton which is present outside the body is called exoskeleton

e.g : arthopods (Invertebrates )

Question: 5

Where is found fibrous cartilage ?

Answer: 5

5-49

It is found in intervertebral discs

Question: 6

Name of the three types of cartilage .

Answer: 6

6-49

1: Hyaline cartilage

2: Elastic cartilage

3:Fibrous cartilage

Question: 7

What are the divisions of human skeleton

Answer: 7

7-49

1: Axial skeleton

2: Appendicular skeleton

Question: 8

Differentiate between compact bone and spongy bone

Answer: 8

8-49

Compact bone is hard outer layer of bone while the spongy bone is interior of bone which contains blood vessels and bone marrow

Question: 9

What is the roll of skull , vertebral column and ribs ?

Answer: 9

9-49

1: Skull protects brain

2: Vertebral column protects spinal cord

3: Ribs protect the lungs , heart and kidneys

Question: 10

Who is Andreas Vesalius ? What is its contribution ?

Answer: 10

10-49

Andreas vesalius (1514-1564) was born in Brussels , Belgium , He made many discoveries in anatomy

Question: 11

What are osteocytes ?

Answer: 11

11-49

The mature bone cells are called osteocytes

Question: 12

What is cartilage ?

Answer: 12

12-49

It is a dense , clear blue-white firm connective tissues . The cells of cartilage are called chondrocytes . The matrix of cartilage contains collagen fibers . Blood vessels do not enter the cartilage

Question: 13

What are slightly moveable joints ? Give example .

Answer: 13

13-49

The joints allow a variety of movement

Types :

1: Hinge joints

2: Ball and socket joints

Question: 14

What is bone? What is its function?

Answer: 14

14-49

It is very hard connective tissue. i. It protects the various parts of body ii. It products red and white blood cells. iii. It stores minerals.

Question: 15

What are the hinge joints ? Name their types

Answer: 15

15-49

Hinge joints move back and forth and allow movements in one place only e.g knee joint , elbow joint

Question: 16

What is meant by arthritis?

Answer: 16

16-49

Arthritis means inflammation is joints.

Question: 17

What are fixed joints ? Give example .

Answer: 17

17-49

Theses joints allow no movement e.g the joints between the skull bones

Question: 18

Which point of attachment is pulled when a muscle contracts?

Answer: 18

18-49

Insertion.

Question: 19

Name longest bone in our body.

Answer: 19

19-49

Thigh bone.

Question: 20

What are the types of skeletons?

Answer: 20

20-49

i) Exoskeleton: The skeleton which is present outside the body is called exoskeleton e.g. arthropods . ii) Endoskeleton: The skeleton which is present inside the body is called endoskeleton e.g. vertebrates.

Question: 21

What are the parts of axial skeleton?

Answer: 21

21-49

1: Skull

2: Middle ear ossicles

#: Vertebral column

4: Sternum and ribs

Question: 22

Name two disorders of skeletal system.

Answer: 22

22-49

i. Osteoporosis ii. Arthritis.

Question: 23

Define a joint ? What are their roles ?

Answer: 23

23-49

A joint is the location at which two or more bones make contact

Role :

Joints allow no movement and provide mechanical support

Question: 24

Define skeleton.Write its functions.

Answer: 24

24-49

Skeleton is framework of hard, articulated structures. Function: i. Protection of vital organs. ii. Support to body mass. iii. Movements.

Question: 25

Differentiate between upper jaw and lower jaw .

Answer: 25

25-49

Upper jaw : Upper jaw is fixed with skull and is composed of two bones

Question: 26

Define extensor and extension?

Answer: 26

26-49

When a muscle contracts and straightens the joints, it is known as extensor and the movements is called extension.

Question: 27

What are ligaments ? What is their role ?

Answer: 27

27-49

Ligaments are strong but flexible bands . They join one bone with another and prevents dislocation of bones at joints

Question: 28

What are fixed joints? Give example.

Answer: 28

28-49

These joints allow no movement e.g. the joints between the skull bones.

Question: 29

What are ball and socket joints ? Give example .

Answer: 29

29-49

Ball and socket joints allow movement in all directions e.g Hip joint , shoulder joint

Question: 30

Name the chest bones.

Answer: 30

30-49

Sternum.

Question: 31

Difference between compact bone and spongy bone.

Answer: 31

31-49

Compact bone is hard outer layer of bone while the spongy bone is interior of bone which contains blood vessels and bone marrow.

Question: 32

What are the parts of appendicular skeleton ?

Answer: 32

32-49

1: Pectoral girdles

2: Pelvic girdle

3: Legs and feet

4: Arms and hands

Question: 33

How many vertebrae are present in vertebral column?

Answer: 33

33-49

33 vertebrae

Question: 34

What are tendons and ligaments ?

Answer: 34

34-49

These are bands of connective tissues (made of collagen )

Question: 35

What are tendons ? What is their role ?

Answer: 35

35-49

Tendons are tough non elastic bands of connective tissues these attach muscles to bones

Question: 36

Define a joint? What is their role?

Answer: 36

36-49

A joint is the location at which two or more bones make contact. Role: Joints allow movements and provide mechanical support.

Question: 37

How many bones are present in new born babies and in adults ?

Answer: 37

37-49

Babies = 300 bones

Adults 206 bones

Question: 38

Differentiate between upper jaw and lower jaw.

Answer: 38

38-49

Upper jaw: Upper jaw is fixed with skull and is composed of two bones.

Question: 39

Differentiate between origin and insertion

Answer: 39

39-49

Origin : The end of muscle attached to immoveable bone is called origin

Question: 40

How many bones are present in axial skeleton?

Answer: 40

40-49

126 bones.

Question: 41

What are slightly moveable joints. Give example.

Answer: 41

41-49

The joints allow slight movement e.g. joints between the vertebrate.

Question: 42

Define flexor and flexion

Answer: 42

42-49

When a muscle contracts and blends the joint , it is known as flexor and the movement is called flexion

Question: 43

Differentiate between the terms movement and locomotion.

Answer: 43

43-49

Movement:Movement in a general term meaning act of changing place or position by entire body or by its body parts.

Question: 44

Define antagonism .

Answer: 44

44-49

The phenomenan when pairs of muscles work in opposite way , one contracts , other is relaxed or vice versa is called antagonism

Question: 45

What is flexor and flexion.

Answer: 45

45-49

When a muscle contracts and blends the joint. It is known as flexor and the movement is called flexion.

Question: 46

Where is present hyoid bone?

Answer: 46

46-49

It is present in neck

Question: 47

What are moveable joints? name their types.

Answer: 47

47-49

1. Hinge joints 2. Ball and socket joints.

Question: 48

Define extensor and extension

Answer: 48

48-49

When a muscle contracts and straightens the joints ,it is known as extensor and the movements is called extension

Question: 49

What are hinge joints? Give example.

Answer: 49

49-49

Hinge joint move back and forth and allow movements in one plane ony e.g. knee joint, elbow joint.

Biology Chapters

10th Class Chapter 4 Biology Short Questions

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