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Question: 1
Give the characteristics of limnetic zone of fresh water ecosystem.
Answer: 1
1-49In this zone enough light present to support photosynthesis.Here phytoplanktons include cyanobacteria (as producers).These are eaten by protozones and small crustaceans,which in turn consumed by fishes.
Question: 2
What is climate?And also give its role.
Answer: 2
2-49Climate refers to over all patterns of weather that prevails from year to year even centuries in a particular region.
It plays an important role in the distribution of animal and plant life.
It plays an important role in the distribution of animal and plant life.
Question: 3
Name four common features to aquatic ecosystem.
Answer: 3
3-49Four features of aquatic ecosystem are
Question: 4
Name three zones in lake ecosystem.
Answer: 4
4-49Zone of Lake Ecosystem are.
Question: 5
What are planktons?Give their two types.
Answer: 5
5-49Planktons are drifting or free living organisms which are mainly microscopic.These are of two types
Question: 6
How the productivity of an aquatic ecosystem can be determined?
Answer: 6
6-49The productivity of an aquatic ecosystem is basically determined by the light and nutrients.Light intensity and quality varies with depth so the primary productivity also varies with light.
Question: 7
How animals and plants conserve water in terrestrial environment?
Answer: 7
7-49Plants conserve their water by following methods
Question: 8
Compare phytoplanktons with zooplanktons.
Answer: 8
8-49Phytoplanktons: are called drifting plants,it includes photosynthetic protists,bacteria and algae.
Question: 9
Characterize profundal zone of fresh water lakes.
Answer: 9
9-49Here light is insufficient to support photosynthesis.This area is mainly nourished by detritus. Decomposers and detritus feeders such as snails and certain insect larvae,bacteria,fungi and fishes inhabit it.
Question: 10
Define hydrospheric ecosystem?
Answer: 10
10-49Ecosystem is water where living and non living components exchange materials and transfer of energy also takes place with in water.
Question: 11
Differentiate between climate and weather.
Answer: 11
11-49Climate:Refers to over all patterns of weather that prevails from year to year even centuries in a particular region.
Question: 12
Define hydrospheric ecosystem.
Answer: 12
12-49An ecosystem present in water where living and non living components exchange their material and transfer of energy also takes place within water.
Question: 13
Write two adaptations for terrestrial ecosystem.
Answer: 13
13-49Two adaptations for terrestrial ecosystem are
Question: 14
Write down the types of living organisms found in limnetic zone.
Answer: 14
14-49Living organisms of limentic zone are Cyanobacteria,protozoa,small crustaceans and fishes.
Question: 15
Describe animal life in profundal zone
Answer: 15
15-49Decomposers and detritus feeders such as snails and certain insect larvae,bacteria,fungi and fishes inhibit it.
Question: 16
Name two factors which influence life on land.
Answer: 16
16-49Two factors which can influence life on land are
Question: 17
What is algal bloom?
Answer: 17
17-49In nutrient rich aquatic ecosystem(lake) there is rich growth of algae on water surface,which prevent penetration of light at depth.This rich growth of algae is called algal blooms.
Question: 18
Give four name of major terrestrial ecosystem in Pakistan..
Answer: 18
18-49Major terrestrial ecosystem of Pakistan are
Question: 19
What are algal blooms?Give their effects on aquatic life.
Answer: 19
19-49Excessive growth of blue green algae due to high concentration of phosphates and nitrates in water is called algal blooms.
It can cause deficiency of oxygen in water and leads to animal death.
It can cause deficiency of oxygen in water and leads to animal death.
Question: 20
Give two adaptations for terrestrial ecosystem
Answer: 20
20-49Adaptation to land habitat are
Question: 21
What is composition of air in terrestrial ecosystem?
Answer: 21
21-49In terrestrial ecosystem air is in constant motion,so its composition is more uniform.The amount of O2and CO2in air is much more constant and most beneficial for terrestrial ecosystem.
Question: 22
What is eutrophication?Write its effect on animal life.
Answer: 22
22-49This is the natural process of extensive enrichment of water nutrients by which large amount of living organic matter grows in the lake. Eutrophication causes deficiency of oxygen so that animal life is killed.
Question: 23
Differentiate between limnetic zone and profundal zone.
Answer: 23
23-49Limentic zone: In this zone adequate or enough light penetrates to support photosynthesis.In this zone mainly cyanobacteria,protozoa,small crustaceans and fishes are present.
Question: 24
Name any two zones of fresh water late.
Answer: 24
24-49Profundal zone and limnetic zone.
Question: 25
Write major ecosystem in Pakistan. OR Enlist major ecosystem in Pakistan.
Answer: 25
25-49Major ecosystem of Pakistan are
Question: 26
Differentiate between altitude and latitude.
Answer: 26
26-49Altitude: means height from sea level toward high mountains the altitude increases.The absolute height of a location usually measured from see level.
Question: 27
What is layering in grassland?
Answer: 27
27-49Due to difference in height of grasses layering is formed.It is characteristic of grass land ecosystem.Three layers are formed.Tall grasses form first layer,mid high grasses form second layer and third is formed by short grasses.
Question: 28
What is the difference between savanna and prairies?
Answer: 28
28-49Prairies:Grass land ecosystem present in temperate climate is called prairies.Grass land without woody trees is also known as Prairies.
Question: 29
What is Taiga?
Answer: 29
29-49Northern coniferous forests are called taiga.
Question: 30
Describe the animal life of grass land ecosystem.
Answer: 30
30-49Animals of deserts are mostly nocturnal (they hide during day and come out during night)they do so to avoid too much heat and water loss.Desert animals include horned lizards,snake and other reptiles.Mammals include kangaroo,rats,Birds include burrowing owl.
Question: 31
write human impact on coniferous forests and boreal forests.
Answer: 31
31-49Due to severity of climate and remoteness most of the coniferous forests remained undisturbed,but these forest are major source of lumber for construction so these forests have been cleared in the world.
Question: 32
What are kinds of coniferous forests and where they located?
Answer: 32
32-49In Pakistan coniferous forests are located at Upper Kaghan,Dir,Chilas,Malam Jabba and in swat valley.
Question: 33
Enlist some dominant plants that occur in temperate deciduous forest.
Answer: 33
33-49Dominant plants of temperate deciduous forest are Taxus baccata,Pinus wallichiana,Berbris lyceum.Some grasses,ferns.Many mosses and lichens also form ground layer.
Question: 34
Differentiate between alpine and boreal forests.
Answer: 34
34-49Forests:Coniferous forests located at high altitude are called alpine forests.
Question: 35
Define temperate deciduous forest.Mention various such forests in Pakistan.
Answer: 35
35-49These forests are originally present in cool moist habitat.But during dry season the shed their leaves because they cannot get enough water.So they are called temperate deciduous forests.In Pakistan their location is Neelam valley and Shogran.
Question: 36
What is average rainfall in temperate deciduous forests?
Answer: 36
36-49The average rain fall in temperate deciduous forest is 750mm to 150mm/annum.
Question: 37
Write the rate of primary production of temperate and sub humid tropical grassland.
Answer: 37
37-49Productivity of temperate grass land is = 700-1500 g/m2and productivity of sub humid tropical grass land is 4000 g/m2.
Question: 38
What are graminoids,in which biome they exist?
Answer: 38
38-49Gramonoids are grasses or grass like plants which are present in grass land ecosystem.
Question: 39
Give location of tundra ecosystem in Pakistan.
Answer: 39
39-49Tundra ecosystem in Pakistan is present across mountain above timber line such as Karakoram and Koh Hindu Kush.
Question: 40
What is the effect of human impacts on desert ecosystem?
Answer: 40
40-49While human activities are reducing the extent of many biomes,they are causing the spread of deserts a process is called desertification.The loss of productivity of ecosystem is nearly irreversible and massive famines are result of human activities.
Question: 41
Give two causes of famine in sahel in Africa.
Answer: 41
41-49The two main reasons of famine in Sahel in Africa are
Question: 42
What types of animal life is found in tundra?
Answer: 42
42-49Standing pools provides habitat for mosquitoes.There may be ducks and geese.The tundra vegetation supports lemmings,which are eaten by wolves,snowy,owls,arctic foxes and even grizzly bears.
Question: 43
Give types of organism present in profundal zone.
Answer: 43
43-49Organisms of profundal zone are as follows:
Question: 44
Give the location of desert biomes. Write the name of desert in western and southern Punjab.
Answer: 44
44-49This is located in western Punjab while Cholistan is located in Southern Punjab.
Question: 45
What is the effect of human impact on Tundra Ecosystem?
Answer: 45
45-49Tundra is perhaps the most fragile of all biomes because of its short growing season.Human activities in the tundra leaves scar that persists for centuries.Fortunately for the tundra inhabitants,the impact of civilization is localized around oil drilling sites,pipelines,mines and military bases.
Question: 46
Give productivity in sub humid tropical grass land.
Answer: 46
46-49The productivity of sub humid tropical grass land is more than 4000 gm/m2.
Question: 47
Write soil conditions of Grassland Ecosystem.
Answer: 47
47-49The soil moisture is limited on account of low precipitation and high evaporation.Upper soil layer in which grasses are rooted is normally moist but deeper layers are constantly dry.The soil of grass land is basically impermeable with excessive salinity.
Question: 48
Define productivity of an ecosystem.
Answer: 48
48-49The productivity of an ecosystem can be defined as it is directly related to the rate of photosynthesis of produces i.e their consumption of carbon dioxide and evolution of oxygen.
Question: 49
Define Desertification.
Answer: 49
49-49Conversion of cultivated or fertile soil into barren land or into desert form is called desertification.
